نام كتاب :Basics of Holographyنويسنده :P. HARIHARANانتشارات : cambridge- 2002تعداد صفحات : 161 صفحهحجم فايل : 5.26 مگابايتفصول كتاب:Holographic imaging 11.1 Early development 21.2 The in-line hologram 41.3 Off-axis holograms 61.4 Fourier holograms 81.5 Lensless Fourier holograms 101.6 Image holograms 111.7 Reflection holograms 12References 12Problems 132 The reconstructed image 152.1 Images of a point 152.2 Orthoscopic and pseudoscopic images 172.3 Image aberrations 172.3.1 Classification of aberrations 202.4 Image blur 212.5 Image speckle 212.6 Signal-to-noise ratio 232.7 Image luminance 23References 24Problems 253 Thin and thick holograms 273.1 Thin gratings 27v3.1.1 Thin amplitude gratings 273.1.2 Thin phase gratings 283.2 Volume gratings 283.2.1 Volume transmission gratings 303.2.2 Volume reflection gratings 313.3 Imaging properties 323.4 Thick and thin gratings 343.5 Diffusely reflecting objects 353.6 Multiply exposed holograms 35References 36Problems 364 Light sources 384.1 Lasers 384.2 Coherence requirements 404.3 Laser beam expansion 424.4 Beam splitters 434.5 Beam polarization 434.6 Pulsed laser holography 434.7 Laser safety 44References 45Problems 455 The recording medium 465.1 Amplitude and phase holograms 465.2 The modulation transfer function 475.3 Effects of nonlinearity 47References 49Problems 496 Recording materials 506.1 Photographic materials 506.2 Dichromated gelatin 546.3 Silver-halide sensitized gelatin 546.4 Photoresists 556.5 Photopolymers 556.6 Photothermoplastics (PTP) 566.7 Photorefractive crystals 57References 58Problems 59vi 7 Display holograms 607.1 Transmission holograms 607.2 Reflection holograms 617.3 Full-view holograms 627.4 Rainbow holograms 637.4.1 Image blur 647.5 Holographic stereograms 687.6 Holographic movies 69References 70Problems 718 Multicolor images 728.1 Multicolor reflection holograms 728.2 Multicolor rainbow holograms 728.3 Light sources 738.4 Pseudocolor images 748.4.1 Pseudocolor rainbow holograms 758.4.2 Pseudocolor reflection holograms 75References 76Problems 769 Copying holograms 789.1 ‘Contact printing’ 789.2 Embossed holograms 79References 80Problems 8110 Computer-generated holograms 8210.1 Binary detour-phase holograms 8310.2 Phase randomization 8710.3 Three-dimensional objects 8710.4 Holographic video imaging 8910.5 Optical testing 89References 91Problems 9211 Applications in imaging 9411.1 Particle-size analysis 9411.2 Imaging through moving scatterers 9511.3 Imaging through distorting media 96 vii11.4 Time-gated imaging 9711.5 Multiple imaging 9811.5.1 Multiple imaging using Fourier holograms 9811.5.2 Multiple imaging using lensless Fourier holograms 99References 100Problems 10112 Other applications 10212.1 Holographic diffraction gratings 10212.2 Holographic scanners 10312.3 Holographic filters 10412.4 Holographic optical elements 10512.4.1 Head-up displays 10512.4.2 Beam shaping 10612.5 Interconnection networks 10712.6 Holographic memories 10712.7 Holographic neural networks 109References 109Problems 11013 Holographic interferometry 11213.1 Real-time interferometry 11213.2 Double-exposure interferometry 11413.3 Sandwich holograms 11513.4 Industrial measurements 11513.5 Refractive index fields 11713.6 Surface displacements 11813.7 The holodiagram 11913.8 Fringe localization 11913.9 Strain analysis 120References 122Problems 12414 Advanced techniques 12614.1 Moiré interferometry 12614.2 Vibrating surfaces 12614.2.1 Stroboscopic interferometry 12614.2.2 Time-average interferometry 12714.3 Contouring 13014.3.1 Two-wavelength contouring 13014.3.2 Two-index contouring 131viii 14.3.3 Changing the angle of illumination 132References 133Problems 13415 Electronic techniques 13515.1 Computer-aided evaluation 13515.1.1 Fourier-transform techniques 13515.1.2 Phase unwrapping 13615.2 Heterodyne interferometry 13615.3 Phase-shifting interferometry 13715.3.1 Vector displacements 13915.3.2 Contouring 13915.3.3 Vibration analysis 13915.4 Electronic holographic interferometry 14115.4.1 Vibration analysis 142References 143Appendix A Interference and coherence 144A.1 Interference 144A.2 Coherence 145A.2.1 Spatial coherence 146A.2.2 Temporal coherence 146References 147Appendix B Fourier transforms 148B.1 Two-dimensional transforms 148B.2 Convolution 148B.3 Correlation 149B.4 Sampled functions 149References 150Appendix C Wave propagation 151References 152Appendix D Speckle 153D.1 First-order statistics 153D.2 Second-order statistics 154D.3 Image speckle 155References 155Bibliography 156Index 157